The Shih Tzu descends from the Tibetan temple dogs which were bred over 2000 years ago. Tibetan rulers often presented Chinese rulers with these "tribute gift dogs" and once in China, the dogs, which resembled the Lhasa Apso, were most likely crossed with the Pekingese. For this reason, many people mistakenly assume that the Shih Tzu, meaning "lion dog," is Chinese in origin. The dogs lived luxurious lives behind palace walls and remained unknown until after China became a republic in 1912. This elegant little dog makes a well-mannered pet and quite enjoys apartment or city life as long as he is taken for occasional walks.

Appearance
An overall well-balanced dog with no exaggerated features is the ideal. The Shih Tzu is slightly longer than tall; length being measured from the withers to the root of the tail, and the height being measured from the withers to the ground. Regardless of size, the Shih Tzu is always compact and solid and carries good weight and substance.

Its expression is warm, sweet, wide-eyed, friendly and trusting. An overall well balanced and pleasant expression supersedes the importance of any of the individual parts. A false image created by grooming techniques is to be severely penalized.

Carriage is distinctly arrogant, with the head well up and the tail carried over the back.

Character
The Shih Tzu has an temperament and is outgoing, friendly, affectionate, happy and trusting towards all. Since the sole purpose of the breed is that of a companion and house pet.
 

Temperament
The Shih Tzu especially enjoys people and is a lively, alert, and active little dog. Although small, he carries himself with a great deal of pride and confidence. This affectionate breed is good with people and considered a family dog. The Shih Tzu does not do well in hot humid weather, and it should never be expected to live outdoors.

Exercise/Training
Because of its small size, the Shih Tzu can meet its requirements with vigorous indoor games or short frolics outside or with short walks on leash. Playing and obedience are very good types of mental exercise. 15 minutes obedience and playing with your Shih Tzu will be more useful for the dogs exercise then an hour walk on the leash can provide.

Color
All colors are permissible for the Shih Tzu, but a white blaze on the forehead and a white tip to the tail are highly prized. Shih Tzus with liver markings may have dark liver noses and slightly lighter eyes. Pigmentation on muzzle as unbroken as possible.

Grooming
The luxurious coat of the Shih Tzu needs brushing or combing every other day; puppies should be taught to accept grooming from a young age. The area around the eyes should be cleaned gently each day, with cotton and warm water. Providing the Shih Tzu with bottled water (or water that does not contain chlorine) helps to keep eye mucus to a minimum. Shih Tzu may be clipped. A good nutrition and regular brushing keeps the proper coat shine and the skin healthy. Bathing doesn’t harm the coat of the Shih Tzu as long as you use a good quality shampoo that doesn't dry the skin and coat and is formulated for a canine coat. The ears of the Shih Tzu should be kept clean and regularly inspected as well. Additionally, like many other breeds, the claws need close attention.

Any breed described as "good with children", the dog must be accustomed to children. Any dog that is not well socialized with children will not behave predictably around them. As with all dogs, they should never be left alone with young children.